Automatic maximum-speed controller.



W. S. WESTON.

- AUTOMATIC MAXIMUM SPEED CONTROLLER.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 2\0. 1916.

Petented Feb. 26, 1918.

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W. .S. WESTON.

AUTOMATIC MAXIMUM SPEED CONTHLLER.

' APPLICATION FILED sEPLzo. Isls.

1,257,565. Patented Feb.26,1918.

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, the city of Houston Heights, county` of UNITED STATES PATENT oEEIcE. l

WILLIAM S. W'ESTON, OF HOUSTON HEIGHTS, TEXAS.

AUTOMATIC lI-AXIMUM-SPEED CONTROLLER.

Specieation of Letters Patent.

Patented Fence, 191s.

Application led September l20, 1916. .l Serial No. 121,178.

To all 'whom 'itvmay concern: I

Be it known that I, WILLIAM S. WESTON, a citizen of the 'United States,residln in arris, and State of'Texas, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Automatic Maximum-Speed Controllersy AforPower-Driven Vehicles orother Machines,

of which the following isa ifull, clear, and exact description.

My invention lrelates to improvements in l the construction andadaptatlon of a gear pum to the l"purpose of a liquid or hydrau ic brakewhereby the excess ower delivered by the prime'mover, or t e excesskinetic energy stored in the moving vehicle is absorbed in driving thepump.

The object of .my invention is'to pro- .vide a simple, pract1cal, andreliable mechanism,` of. the t pe specified, equipped to limitautomatica ly the speed at which moltor-vehicles or other machines maybe run.

In Vthe attainment of this object I have i used a -plain type of -gearpump with the connected them together byl tion c ..35

ordinary incased mtermeshing toothed gears, and have closed thecompression land suction chambers to the exterior, but have an interiorpassage. For this passage I ave provided an improved automaticallyactuated valve, governed by the speed of operation, and adapted tothrottle the How of liquid returning from'the compression to thesucy a Ihave also provided im-Y mber.

roved means for maintaining a high worklng level of liquid in thecompression and suction chambers and for returning the liquid leakingout through the driving shaft bearing. n

The'embodiment of these improvements in the construction and operationof a complete device is hereinafter fully described and clearlyillustrated in the accompanying drawings which form a part of thesespecications, and the' elements of novelty are particularly pointed outin the-claims.

. `Figure 1 is a side elevation of the d evice. Fig. 2 isfa frontelevation with the i ,cover plate removed. Fig. 3 is an enlargedvertical section on the center line of the valves on the 4line 3-3 o'fFig. 1, showing the arrangement of duplicate valves for operationforward or backward. Fig.' 4 is a vertical section on the center line ofthe axes 'of the gears on the line`4-4 of Fig. 2,

leavingout the gears.v Fig. 5 is a horizontal sectionon the line 5 5. ofFig. 3. Fig. 6 is a front elevation, on the same scale as Fig. 3, withhalf of the cover plate removed, and with part of the secondary gear andthe casin back of it cut away to show a valve in t e minimum closedposition.

The same numerals used as characters -of designation represent the sameparts in land are covered bythe plate 6. The primary gear, 1, isattached to and preferably soj made mtegral with a shaft, 7, extending ythrough the casting, 5, for a connection for synchronous operation by orwith the running mechanism' of the machlne i on which it is mounted.They secondary gear, 2,

is mounted idle on a in 8. #The maln casting 5, is provided withbrackets, 9,' whereby it may be firmly attached to the-'frame of themachine. The exact vmethod of `mounting the device and the detail of theconstruction for connecting the y shaft, 7, for synchronous running willbemodified to suit the constructionof an motor-vehicle or machine; but,not being e ements in this invention and not essential 5to its.description, they are not further illustrated or de- V j scribed. A

In' some applications of the device such v/ as to railway motor cars theprimary gear j a.

may be run either clockwise or counterclockwise according to whetherthe' car is running forward or backward. lSome types of gasolene motorcars are equipped to` run equally well either way. In consequence ,myspeed controlling device is made symmetrical, preferably, with doubleparts.

where' necessary, although the elements essential to an operative deviceare only those required for operation in one direction.

With the primary gear, 1, run counterclockwise as Indicated by thearrow, 10, Fig..

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mmm ,n..w mw. .m nrwmd ..w cmw.sso..mdu.m Pmmrwd-m mm, Me L..mmmmmmmmmmmmw mmmwmmm-mmmmmm@www .m Mmmm @WMMMMM @E m mmmmm .w.mWmum...AMY. www Mmmmommmmmwmw Mmmmwmmxmf mwxmhdhmwmmmm mmmpm ma. mmmm-mwmmmmmm Mmmmmmmmmm-mm-mmmmmmmwwmmw WWE pm wmmm w mmm Mmm. we mm-mmwm www@ o #whmi? www@ @mgm memm pompmom t, u ...mmm m gem@ hmm TmMmmmmm? im? M@ mmm@mwmmmmmmmmwn m um www mmmmmmmmmmmm @www w. .hmwmwwwwm. .mmmmmwwmmmw Emmm www A mmdg. ....mw M@ am @En www www Mmm mwmwmmwm mm m d m am Wdm?mm. $12, mf wm www um MWymdlm. .uw gm www W# dmmmmwmmh ummm xmms@ mmmmlemweemv.. mm mm m. m. N mmnmmnfmmwm Hummm am im Mmmmmmw ma mm.,.mmmmmmmm mg@ stood readily that'the valve should never be .constructedto close theport entirely, as 1f it dida deadlock would be establishedbring- -ing the pump and car to a full-stop and subto disrupting gradesunder' the action of gravity and that may frequently be run byunauthorized or irresponsible operators it is a matter of safetyveconomics to automatically limit the speed of the car to a definitemaximum of miles perhour. Preferably for such use the valve mechanismwill be permanently adv justed in its manufacture. For the urposesvof'this description it will be su cient to note the two primaryfeatures in the adjustment. First, the area of opening between the valveand the port, being 'suitably proportioned to the size of the pump, canlbe varied for the open or no rmal position. Second, the .sprin can bevar1ed 1n s1 ze and initial tension.` cal adjustments 1n the mechanismas illustrated can be made by removmg or adding washers 27 to vary the.opening and by manipulating the nut 25 to vary the initial tension.

The foregoing description. has been confined tothe operation of thedevice in one direction only as indicated by the arrows 10 'and'11. Ifthe operation is yreversed it will be apparent at once that -chamber 15becomes the -compression chamber, chamber V14 the suction chamber andthat the valve mechanism in chamber 14 will be in opera# tion.' The fiowof liquid will then be upward through the port 17 and .in order that itshall be entirely unconstricted the valve 19 is preferably mounted looseon the boltand` free to lift from the head on which it rests;v

For the reverse movement a valve mechanism in chamber 15 adapted to`close port 18 is necessary. This second valve mechanism `may or may notbe identically the same in size vvand adjustment as that alreadydescribed, so, for the purpose .of distinction I havev designated theseveral parts by the same numerals with a suffix small letter a In anapplication of the device to railway motor cars that should be runpreferably al- ',ways in one direct-ion the valve brought into operationwhen backing up may be adijusted for a lower maximuml speed. In anapplication of the device to machines orI motors built to run in onedirection only, the gears runninglv as indicated, the lower chamber 16and the port 18 may be mer d into and made a part of the suction cham rcant.

15, and the valve 19* with its supporting mechanism willbe eliminated. lWhile the, "ons'truction asillustrated requires'separa'teand independentvalves for forward and backward control ,'yet it will be apparent .to a,mechanic orihyd'raulicengineer that, with an arrangement of com.

mon check. valves, one automatic valve of the character described may beplaced 1n a passage between the two sides ofthe pump so as to beeffective for operation in either y d1rect1on. l

Since. the Speed controlling device is con nected up to run continuouslywith the Inachine on which it ismounted all wearing parts must be welllubricated. In furtherance of' this object the bearing, 29, for theshaft 7 of the primary gear is provided lubricating oil is used in thepump. for the li uid medium. A certain amount of oil wlll leakout'around -the bearing, especially after a hydraulic pressure has beenestabwith the .usual spiral o1l grooves 30, and a lished on thecompression side of the gears.

.The beSt operation of the device will be had *when .the compression andsuction chambers and the interdental spaces arenearly full of oil, andthere also will bea tendency vfor the high level portion of the liquidto leakout around the bearing when the mav` chine is standing still. Itis necessary therefore to provide means for saving the leakage andreturning it to the pump circuit. To this purpose I provide a circularoil roove, 31, near the, outer end of the bear mg leading through anopeningv 32 into a reservoirchamber 33. From the bottom of thisreservoir a passage 34 leads to a passing interdental space of thesecondary gear.

Particular attention iS called to the fact that the reservoir isconnected with the space remote from either the compression or suctionsides and that the liquid therein is not subject to the regular pumpinactlon. This construction is of especia impump circuit proper only at aninterdental .portano-e in a gear pump that is subjectto a reversal ofoperation. Only when an lnter- 1 dental Spacethat ispassing the end ofthe passage 34 is only partly filled and contains a partial Vacuum willliquid flow into it.

from the reservoir. This condition will occur when the level of liquidin the suction chamber falls below the level of the opening into thegear recess, as at space 13, so that the interdental spaces pass withoutbeing iilled with oil. With this provision for returning the leakage the`liquid contents will not need replenishing except at long intervals,and then the old oil should be drawn 'off to remove any possible wearinggrit and the chambers filled with a new, clean lubri- It-is obvious thatmany changes may be made in the form and details of construcoutside'saidcasingand l' u; uuotionchamhers fwi in the 'compression chamberto apredeterv41s,

'ercomprisingn is ap liedpanp'um' eomneedto said Ilioupprem"on-andslicton cham A p 'lsa phed, -a um .ecnnectedtol `tion ofm'automatic con- -trollen' w1 outchnngins "princig'lle:l ofconstruction.l and tion, 4 throttlingof the- 0f;- pump' `byautomaticme'aus `vernedfby thes'peed of operation is a' princi e, andwhile the IJhave emiv u bwa@ @transformation bien appliedVorllleeh'aniethatotlierforme o ftraml- 4tien governed by the blld f.ethnieA 111e" eine dem nime@ Lwh'atvnaims new and desire L 'Anautomaticmaximumspee'd 4vthe mechanism to whi tbe'eontroller is ap-' 4pression suction chambers tof maand to said pump for. ageof. nidi ughsaid chambers an said pump, a Seid mpreenon .and means for hold; `saidvalve open under normal 'flow of :ting-the'v'alvetooloser underelgl'lanve llpw of um Y i'alve tobedriven,bythemechanmtowbichjtheoontrolleris laldlmgllld coneomprelon and nideine shall haveraieed-the -'f 3.-

automatic controladapted-t0 be driven the mechanism to wh1ch`thecontroller zsmdfrhrroughmid chambers and ed peep,

open. under l \omlal flow' of uid between said while it! ting thevalveto cloeeunderiejxeemrve ovr leren nung' a' tobedrive thelineehanisnli,to wlnch connected pump' of' chambers while tal valve `to close underexe'eivelow of fluid,

whereby the extent to whichthe valve shallclose maybe varied.

and in thechambersha 112W' midfport, an

by? fw;

`a pump connected to saidpartleoam restriction in {heilow of fj8. Anautomatic speed oolltlol-V r A -lingfdev'iee comprising incollibinatioxi e` mdmewsfornaiwenggia-.

`ee :L l automatic maximum speed controlafivalve bet'weeniaidom I@andsuction means for oldingvalve undernormal ilow'ofuid y,

-5. -An automatic maximum lspeed eontrols 1er wmpring e Pump to 1sbeconnected toan driven synchronouslyby or with a motor vehicle or othermachine, having pum wmp "0n and swtisnchubers d the exterior and'oonnectedby agort, a' 1iq'v go uid inthe -interdental'spaees 0 the'gearsasprmg reendel tedtobeactuatedautomati-- cally y close'thepl' Vwhen theAconstriction. v1n the ilow of liquid 'therepreure in thecompression chamr tosc predetermined'amount.

6; An automatic maximum m onttol- 90 krwmpl'iingtswpump" T tobe top anddnvejn or witha motor-.vehicle or Vother ma e,

. .mug 3 I6 and suction sides thereof' ajgliqnid in mterdental spacesand'in the pasa and a spring retained valve adapted -to actuatedautomatically to closel or eme eeggfwmwm me@ e w o ve reachedap 7. Anautomat-mmm@ @m1-'f dvioe a li n1 pump mechamsm to -be oo to andoperated synchrononslxby or with a motor Avehicle or a' supply ofliquidfo'rfthe suction side of saidpu'mn andmeans'for Vthe dischjargesi ethereohaadapted-t0fbetotllrliatically after@ `speed o operatxon e pump-`exeeeded a'predeteruned'rate.

u'ldto .be- 1145 to and opera synchromousl by orwith' a'motor vebicleorother ma a' valve for the side Vof Vsaid ump, and means 'to be 'actuatedautomati binne for i'spaghm hm a predetermined'rafe. 9. Anautomaticmaximum speedcontrolling .devioe for a power driven 'vehicle ooml'zipnsmg -agear pump adapted to-be'driven motive'power,'and a valve for pAadopted to be yyvith said vehicle the oametl;A

fof. mid said motive power after the 18o gen1-a,

have raisedthe hdraulic i' y *0 Per close. sald so as to greatly 1n"crease the wer'necssaryto drive the eom- `when the velocity o ofoperation has paed a predetermined.` rate.

10. A maximum speed controlling device for a railway motor carcomprising a gear pump connected to and adapted to be operatedsynchronously with said motor car when running either forwardor'backward,y a throttling valve for the discharge passa e of saidactuating said valve when the speed of operation shall have passed 'apredetermined rate. 4

11. An automatic maximuml eed controlling device comprisingr in comination a liquid gear pump mechanlsm to be connected to and operatedsynchronously by or with a. motor vehicle or other machine, anda springretained valve mechanism adapted to be actuated automatically topartially close or throttle the discharge assage of said pump f) theliquid flowing through said valve shall have become greater than apredetermined rate.

12. An automatic maximumv speed controlling device cmprising incombination a a liquid gear pump mechanism to be connected to andoperated synchronously-by or wlth a changeable.

motor vehicle or other machine, and a spring retained valve mechanismadapted to be actuated automaticallyto partially close or throttle thedischarge assage of said pump when the velocity o? the. liquid flowingthrough said valve/shall have become dgreater than a predetermined rate,the sai valve mechanism 'being removable and interump mechanismcomprising a 13. A gear t mounted within said casing casing, a sha pump,and means for automatical y ary gears, a passa charge and suction sidesthereof, av liquid in and extendin outside-thereof, a pump connected tosai shaftsaid casing having a .pump chamber and compression and suctionchambers connected together and to said pum chamber, means to tillebearing of said adapted to receive the leakage of liquid from saidbearing, and suitable connection beor delivering-liquid shaft, areservoir` tween said leakage reservoir and said pump chamber.

14. A lreversible gear pump mechanism having closely incased primary andseconde connecting the disthe passage andthe interdental spaces of thegears -valve means for limiting and controlling the flow of liquidthrough said passage, a reservoir adapted to receive th'e leakage ofliquid .from around the driving shaft of the primary gear, and

discharge or suction sides thereof.

15. An automatic maximum speed control- 1er for motor vehicles and thellke, com rising a liquid pump and a casing therefor aving a pumpchamberand a closed circuit through which liquidv is circulatedby saidump, a pump avin a bearing through which said shaft exten s, means forthrottling the flow of the circulating body of liquid when the speed ofoperation of the pump exceedsva vredetermined rate, and a passage fromsai shaft bearing to said pump chamber for restoring the liquid leakinginto said bearing to the body of circulatinllliquid.

W AM S. WESTON.

an opening from said reservolr 1nto a passing interdental space of oneof thelgears at a point remote from the actuating shaft, said casing-

